Biological Wastewater Treatment Plant: Custom MBBR/MBR Systems

A biological wastewater treatment plant is a treatment system that uses microorganisms to remove biodegradable pollutants from wastewater. The core principle is simple: bacteria and other microorganisms consume organic matter as nutrients, converting pollutants into carbon dioxide, water, new biomass and other stable substances under controlled conditions.
A typical biological treatment process may include:

Pretreatment is usually the first step. Screens remove large solids, and equalization tanks balance flow and pollutant concentration. If wastewater contains oil, grease, high suspended solids or floating matter, grease traps, CPI oil-water separators, DAF dissolved air flotation or chemical dosing may be required before the biological unit. Good pretreatment protects microorganisms and improves system stability.
The biological stage can be designed with different technologies. Activated sludge systems use suspended microorganisms in an aeration tank to remove COD and BOD. MBR systems combine biological treatment with membrane separation, producing clearer effluent and saving space. MBBR systems use suspended biofilm carriers to increase biomass concentration and improve resistance to shock loading. SBR systems complete filling, aeration, settling and decanting in one reactor through time-controlled cycles.
For nitrogen removal, the system may include aerobic and anoxic zones. In the aerobic stage, nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrate. In the anoxic stage, denitrifying bacteria convert nitrate into nitrogen gas. If phosphorus removal is required, biological phosphorus removal or chemical dosing may be added depending on the discharge standard.
A complete biological wastewater treatment plant may include screens, regulating tanks, pumps, blowers, diffusers, biological reactors, biofilm carriers or membranes, sedimentation tanks, lamella clarifiers, sludge pumps, disinfection units, control cabinets, PLC systems, valves and pipelines. The final configuration depends on water quality, discharge requirements, site conditions and operation preferences.
For correct selection, buyers should provide daily flow, peak flow, wastewater source, COD, BOD, TSS, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, phosphorus, oil content, pH, temperature, salinity, biodegradability, discharge target, site layout and automation requirements. These parameters affect reactor volume, aeration capacity, sludge age, membrane area, carrier filling ratio, sludge production and final cost.
Biological treatment is effective for biodegradable wastewater, but it has boundaries. Toxic chemicals, heavy metals, high salinity, strong acid or alkali, high oil content and poor biodegradability may inhibit microbial activity. In these cases, pretreatment, neutralization, physical-chemical treatment or process testing may be necessary.
Qingdao Jinwantong provides customized biological wastewater treatment equipment and complete process support. Buyers can send water quality data, flow rate, discharge target and site layout for technical selection and quotation.